Poster Abstracts
MDS 2024 Schedule
| Name | Class Year | Title | Abstract |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adya Agarwal | 2024 | Neuromuscular role of the Caenorhabditis elegans V-ATPase proton pump probed by the anthelmintic levamisole | V-type ATPase proton pumps have diverse functions in eukaryotic cells, including trafficking of proteins. Organelles need acidified cargo vesicles for the normal delivery and retrieval of receptors to or from the cell surface. However, the full extent of this function in different cell types for particular proteins is unknown. We used a pharmacogenetic approach in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans to test the hypothesis that muscle V-ATPases contribute to neuromuscular signaling by facilitating trafficking of neurotransmitter receptors. We used the muscle neurotransmitter agonist levamisole to screen V-ATPase mutants for changes in agonist sensitivity as measured by population paralysis rates. |
| Harriet Akyen-Odoom | 2024 | Nuclear Radiation: Lessons from Hiroshima and Nagasaki on Long-Term Health Consequences | Using Life Span Study data, depending on the sex, age, and radiation dosage, the number of deaths from circulatory diseases alone varies. Compared to male participants, females were more likely to die from circulatory diseases by around 66%. There are more deaths related to heart disease for younger participants (0-29), whereas older participants (30+) showed more deaths from stroke. The younger the participant during the attack, the higher the survival percentage 41 years later. Observed deaths of solid cancer and leukemia were also lower for the younger participants than those in their 40s. Because the ionizing radiation is causing damage to genetic material, it is possible for offspring, in utero, to develop cancer or diseases that can be carried on to further generations. However, there is no evidence to prove that any birth or genetic malformations or cancer developed has to do with nuclear radiation. |
| Aurora Beaumond | 2024 | The Influence of BosR on Translational Efficiency of rpoS in Borrelia burgdorferi | My work focuses on a protein previously thought to be a transcriptional regulator, but is actually a translational regulator. This is in relation to a specific gene, rpoS, a transcript that becomes up-regulated when infecting humans. The goal of this work is to understand the mechanisms behind how translation of the gene is regulated via the protein’s influence on RNA decay. |
| Jamie Bell | 2024 | Investigating the Epigenetic Regulation of NR3C1 | NR3C1 is a vital gene in the stress response pathway. It is regulated by a number of epigenetic processes which can be induced by environmental stimuli. This review of the literature aimed to further elucidate the relationship between a specific environmental stimuli (i.e. negative parental care), the hypermethylation of NR3C1, and the overall disruption of the stress response pathway throughout adulthood. It was concluded that in order to develop targeted interventions for those who have experienced early life adversity due to parental care, future studies need to be prospective, longitudinal, and specific in their analysis of the NR3C1 gene. |
| Katherine Buetens | 2024 | Brown Norway vs Sprague Dawley Rats: Identifying Strain Differences in the Biphasic Hypoxic Ventilatory Response Throughout Neonatal Development | Neonatal rats demonstrate a biphasic hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR), then develop a sustained HVR in adulthood. We identified neonatal HVR differences between Brown Norway (BN) and Sprague Dawley (SD) rat strains, by measuring ventilation in hypoxia at post-natal day 3-4 (P3-4), P7-8, and P10-11 using head-body plethysmography, and by measuring metabolic rate before and during hypoxic treatment. BN on average were more biphasic than SD, appearing to reflect a greater metabolic rate decrease. BN exhibited a biphasic response at P10-11, unlike SD, suggesting that BN remain biphasic longer. Identifying phenotypic strain differences enables future identification of genetic controls of breathing. |
| Giancarlo Carlucci | 2024 | Alerting-Congruency Interaction: Expanding the Arrow-Flanker Task with Distracting Alerting Cues | People respond to targets more rapidly when alerted relative to when targets appear without warning, and are also faster when distractors are congruent relative to incongruent with the target. In addition, prior studies have shown that these variables interact such that distraction is greater following alerting signals. The purpose of this study is to examine whether these effects differ for global shapes and local parts and whether advanced knowledge of the distractor also affects performance. Participants responded to the direction of arrows while ignoring distractor arrows, and analyses focused on the influence of alerting, congruency, distractor preview, and global-local processing. |
| Sydney Childs | 2024 | Localizing Sigma Factor RpoS in Borrelia burgdorferi Using Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization | This study investigates the localization of rpoS in Borrelia burgdorferi, a Lyme disease-causing bacteria, through fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). FISH uses fluorescently labeled nucleic acid probes to target specific RNA molecules within cells, precisely visualizing gene expression patterns. RpoS is expressed ubiquitously throughout the body of the spirochete, suggesting a fundamental role for rpoS in the regulatory processes of gene expression across various cellular compartments, possibly extending beyond conventional stress response functions. Developing targeted interventions that leverage the regulatory influence of rpoS on gene expression may offer new avenues for the treatment and prevention of Lyme disease. |
| Kay Cochran | 2024 | Well-being in youth sports: Maine coaches perceptions on increasing positive experiences and retention rates | Physical activity through participating in sport can allow youth to get the benefits of being active while also gaining a sense of belonging and self-confidence. Coaches and mentors can have a major stake in how youth become better players and people. Scales describes the Complete-Learn-Honor approach, outlining ways to incorporate well-being into coaching strategies while also enhancing player performance. In collaboration with the Maine Sports Commission, the present research analyzed coaches in Maine perception of incorporating well-being into their approaches. Results emphasize the usefulness of the Scales approach to increase retention and the need for incorporating well-being into sports programming. |
| Drew Cochran | 2024 | A Paleoseismic Investigation of the Marquesado Fault, San Juan, Argentina | Fault zones exist across the world, and to avoid inhabiting them would be impossible. The Andean Precordillera in western Argentina is one such seismically active region. It has experienced several devastating earthquakes over the past two centuries, including the Mw 7.0 1861 Mendoza earthquake, the Mw 7.4 1944 San Juan earthquake, and the most recent Mw 6.4 2021 earthquake once again in San Juan (Alvarado, et al., 2004, Verges et al., 2007, Ammirati et al., 2022). The impacts of these seismic events have been profound, for example, the Mw 7.4 1944 earthquake destroyed over 90% of San Juan’s buildings and tragically claimed the lives of 10,000 people (Nature). In order to mitigate earthquake risk, we investigated the Marseqsado Fault located ~12 km from San Juan’s city center. We hand-dug a trench along the 400 m west facing scarp with the intent to research past events. Here, we will present the results of this work which bears significant importance to the seismic hazard assessment of San Juan and neighboring cities. |
| Nayeli Cortes-Tzompantzi | 2024 | Synthesizing Luteoside A and B | Luteoside A and B are natural compounds that can be extracted from the root of an African tree called Markhamia LUteA. We are particularly interested in both these compounds because they have shown antiviral activity against Respiratory syncytial virus (or RSV) within in-vitro models. To be able to continue studying the biological function and benefits of Luteoside A and B, a significant amount is needed. Thus, the aim of my thesis project is attempting to synthesize Luteoside A and B in the lab that could be used for further research. |
| Marisol Cortez | 2024 | Hordenine, A Potential Therapeutic for Ulcerative Colitis and Parkinson’s Disease | Hordenine, an alkaloid that is found in peyote, can be a potential therapeutic in ulcerative colitis and Parkinson’s disease. Peyote is a cactus found in northern Mexico and south Texas and used by Native Americans for ceremonial practices. The mutation LRRK2-G2019S, found in both Ulcerative Colitis and Parkinson’s Disease, has suggested the possible correlation between both conditions and the development of symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease. This literature review proposes the possibility of using Hordenine as a potential therapeutic in being used as an anti-inflammatory in mice when presented with the mutation. |
| Jen Coseno | 2024 | The Rise of a New Endosymbiont: How E. muelleri is responding to climate change | Past investigations into the endosymbionts of the host, Ephydatia muelleri, indicate Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa and Lewiniosphaera symbontica are the sole species able to establish endosymbiotic relationships with the host. New evidence disproves this as Desmodesmus sp. endosymbionts were located within newly acquired E. muelleri tissue samples. Discovery of Desmodesmus sp. endosymbiosis in the same location as previous samples suggest bleaching events caused the expulsion of the initial endosymbiont. Due to the high plasticity of the genus and resilience to rapid fluxes in environmental conditions Desmodesmus sp. may provide E. muelleri with a more stable endosymbiotic relationship, lowering the occurrence of bleaching. |
| Luca Costea | 2025 | Regenerating Murine Retina Using Progenitor-Reactivating Transcription Factors | Finding cellular strategies to repair the retina is the main goal of the Woodworth Lab. In humans, the ability to regenerate by retinal progenitors is disabled, unlike most vertebrates. We focus on a set of transcription factors (TFs) previously demonstrated to encourage late-stage retinal progenitors to return to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) production. Injections of TFs into mouse retinas are sectioned to see if axonal growth proceeds as expected for progenitors. Four essential progenitor TFs and six retinal ganglion cell TFs have been identified, including Myt1L, which is expressed by retinal ganglion cells, but whose function is unknown. |
| Abby Cramer | 2024 | Race, Religiosity, and Perceptions of Assisted Suicide for Prisoners and Non-Prisoners | Physician-assisted suicide (PAS) is becoming accepted worldwide, in terms of both public perception and legalization. Prior research has shown that many Americans object to the legalization of PAS, with opposition higher among religious individuals and people of color. The present study looks at how Black and White individuals respond to a scenario in which a person is requesting assisted suicide. Of interest is whether participants’ opinions change if the hypothetical person is incarcerated and if their race differs from the participant. Results should be considered by those interested in the legalization of PAS or end-of-life care for incarcerated individuals. |
| Margo Danahy | 2025 | Coarse Grained Sediments in African Deep Marine Basins along the K-Pg Boundary | The K-Pg boundary, which temporally aligns with the Chicxulub asteroid impact, marks a significant change in Earth’s climatic history, however the cause of the change and its correlation with the impact is still debated in geologic literature. This paper investigates the deep marine coarse grained sedimentary record before and after the K-Pg Boundary to contribute to this debate. By compiling data from all previous studies and oil drilling data in African deep marine basins, this paper uses a consistent analytical approach to provide a comprehensive understanding of these changes. |
| Olivia Dekker | 2024 | Utilizing Pharmacogenetics to Predict Addictive Behavior | Pharmacogenetics, the study of how a person’s genes affect how they might respond to different drugs, has recently been utilized in the study of addiction to understand better how to address and overcome the pandemic overtaking the world. The following literary thesis delves into different studies on the connections between addiction, genetics, and mental health to create a cohesive understanding of the complex web of it all. Contrary to a singular “addiction gene,” it uncovers a complex network of genes influencing susceptibility. The study underscores the need for a holistic approach and addresses ethical considerations in integrating pharmacogenetics into healthcare, calling for responsible practices to prevent discrimination and promote equity. |
| Paul Detre | 2024 | Strength-based Approach to Substance Use Education For High School Students | Male high school students are at risk for increased substance abuse. Previous research has indicated that substance abuse education like D.A.R.E. has failed to be effective for its target demographic. The current study employed a strength-based educational approach that focused on leadership and positive outcomes associated with more knowledge about appropriate behaviors. The study consisted of one hour sessions with three groups of high school students. Each session had an information activity, a group discussion activity, and a whole class debrief. The effectiveness of the study was assessed with a pre-post knowledge survey. |
| Mfon Diduff | 2024 | Triphenyl Phosphate Impacts Zebrafish Cardiac Development and Nppa and Nppb Gene Expression | Triphenyl Phosphate (TPhP) is a pollutant used as a plasticizer and flame retardanT. Its various spread across waterways, everyday materials, and even in house dust has been known to impact heart development, reproductive systems, and many other metabolic pathways in mammals and in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio). However, the methods of toxicity are not clearly understood. Thus, this study examined the impacts of concentrated amounts of TPhP (0.5,1,and 5ug/L) on zebrafish development and the expression of the natural atrial and brain peptide (nppa/nppb) family of genes as well as oxidative stress. Heart deformity highlighted a dependency on TPhP dosage and altered nppa/nppb expression along with its pathways, indicating further investigation on TPhP and its mechanisms on the cardiac development. |
| Maddy Ewell | 2024 | Adaptation of Immunopanning Protocols: OmpF as an External Marker for Extraction of Regenerated Retinal Neurons | Humans rely on vision as their principal sense to inform them of their surroundings. Visual disorders, including glaucoma and optic neuropathies, lead to loss of cellular function. In previous work, we have investigated the regeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from endogenous precursors to reestablish visual function. Currently, we are investigating shifts in gene expression of regenerated cells in comparison to endogenous RGCs. Here, we adapt an immunopanning protocol to extract regenerated cells for evaluation. We investigated and selected bacterial OmpF from E. coli as our marker of choice, demonstrating it can be utilized for extraction in adapted immunopanning protocols. |
| Lauren Farrell | 2024 | How do Valo Retreats Affect the Well-Being of Maine Teens? | The period between childhood and adulthood is an extremely complex and important stage of human development. This time frame can also be a particularly vulnerable period for many individuals because of societal expectations, daily stressors, and the many transitions that occur throughout adolescence. To combat these challenges, Valo, a non-profit organization, offers retreats to support the well-being of teens and young adults in Maine. The current study collaborated with Valo to create and administer a survey to investigate how the Valo retreats influence the well-being of participants. Observational data was also collected to complement the survey data. |
| Carter Fay | 2024 | Synthesis and Characterization of Ho2-xBixSn2O7 and Y2-xBixSn2O7 for Potential Electronic Applications | Research has begun to find a sustainable, durable and scalable substitute to lead in electronics, as lead has been found to possess toxic qualities in all stages of the electronic life cycle. One prospective replacement is pyrochlores; their high thermal and chemical stability make them a prime candidate for processes that require extreme heating. A pyrochlore can be composed of a wide variety of elements within the A2B2O7 format, and various combinations will perform differently under testing. This paper hopes to find a replacement that mimics lead’s potential for electrical dipoles. The chosen focus is on the pyrochlores Ho2-xBixSn2O7 and Y2-xBixSn2O7. Once heated in an industrial grade furnace and analyzed using an x-ray diffraction machine, samples’ powder diffraction results were compared to ideal VESTA generated graphs. This paper found four potentially successful pyrochlore formations: Bi2Sn2O7, HoBiSn2O7, Ho0.5Bi1.5Sn2O7, Y1.5Bi0.5Sn2O7. However, more research is needed to determine the specific degree of success as well as the larger properties involved in these formations. |
| Ned Friedman | 2024 | The Effect of Corporate Action on Policy Diffusion of Environmental Policies in the Context of North American Ski Resorts and Local Mountain Communities | This paper examines the role of policy diffusion in the crafting and implementation of environmental policy within the ski industry and the mountain communities in which they operate. The existing literature establishes a well-mapped pedagogy of policy diffusion in many instances and contexts but fails to consider one such as this. Using case studies of mountain towns across the American Mountain West, I examine the key elements of policy diffusion and how they apply to the way that ideas flow, shape, and change among ski resorts, their parent conglomerates, mountain town governments, and the citizens of these towns. My findings show that the present flow of information is consistent with the existing structures of policy diffusion as we know it, and more attention should be given to niche fields such as this and how they may mold to redefine the barriers of the present field. Going forward, I assert that we should use these lessons to guide how we talk about environmental law and climate change and apply the lessons to future discussions that may help shape not only the future of the ski industry but that of the planet as well. |
| Mac Gaither | 2024 | Science Fictional Lifemaking: A Reproductive Framework for Hope in Dystopia | This discussion approaches science fictional representations of reproduction and other-than-human lives in the context of anthropogenic catastrophe. The term “lifemaking” is defined and centralized in the analysis to expand the discussion to include reproductive communities, ontologies, and non-biological life. Octavia Butler, Paolo Bacigalupi, Ray Nayler,and Becky Chambers each offer unique representations of lifemaking as vectors for hope within catastrophe. Discussing manifestations of lifemaking across the SF genre provides a framework for reframing dystopic worlds and outlines a pathway towards better futures in the present. |
| Nick Gajarski | 2024 | Traditional Chinese Medicine as a Treatment for COVID-19 but Not Racism | Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been used for centuries to treat diseases, such as malaria. When COVID-19 hit, the usage of TCM against the novel coronavirus was tested and investigated. Two TCM, Berberine and the Lianhua-Qingwen Capsule (LQC), were used as therapeutics and potential treatments for severe cases of COVID-19. Another part of COVID-19 was the rise in anti-Asian hate, leading to a degradation of mental health and the #StopAsianHate movement. However, the positionality of Asian people, especially college students, have not been heavily researched. Through surveys of Asian students at Bates, this topic was studied and analyzed. |
| Jermiah Germain | 2024 | Teen Terrain: Assessing the Impact of a Library Teen Center | Studies show that adolescents require academic spaces to also stimulate their holistic development emotionally, socially, and cognitively. The goal of this study was to enhance the library’s role in promoting youth education and engagement. This study was conducted with Auburn Public Library and focused on how a library teens center could support youth development. The data collection consisted of an observational approach regarding the arrangement of spaces in the teen center and interviews conducted with employees. Based on the data I expect to discover how changes in a library can prove to either enhance or hinder youth engagement as patrons. |
| Colby Giberson | 2024 | Too Abstract or Too Concrete? Examining the Emotional Stroop Effect Under the Lens of Psychological Distance | This study used an emotional Stroop task combining a high-level construal and low-level construal condition that focused on words specific to college student life. Participants identified the color of each of the words, which were a mixture of negative and neutral valances. It was predicted that participants in the high-level condition would have significantly slower reaction times to negative words about college compared to those in the low-level condition. If true, this would suggest a complicated relationship between emotional capture and psychological distance add to the growing body of literature on intertwining the two concepts. |
| Carlos Gomez-Rivas | 2024 | Could the Relationship Between Working Memory Capacity and Selective Attention Be Impacted by Social Media Usage? | Social media has been linked to poor mental health yet the exact relationship between social media and cognition is complex, with some positive impacts and many negative ones. High social media usage is found to be detrimental to academic performance. However, research has not explored the relationship between social media use, cognitive control, working memory, and alerting. Participants performed an arrow flanker task with alerting cues, as well as a task designed to measure working memory capacity. Analyses examine whether alerting, cognitive control, and working memory capacity interact and whether these variables differ as a function of social media usage. |
| Nick Gonzalez | 2024 | Expression Analysis of CRISPR-Mediated Ablation of IRBIT in HEK293 cells | IRBIT, a competitive antagonist of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-mediated calcium release, inhibits calcium signaling by competing with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) for its binding site on IP3Rs. Because of this protein’s high expression in the brain, it is hypothesized that it may play a role in neurological conditions known to exhibit increased calcium concentrations, such as Alzheimer’s disease. To investigate the impact of the expression of IRBIT on genes known to be involved in the phosphoinositide-mediated calcium release pathway, IRBIT was ablated in HEK293 cells, and the outcomes were analyzed by qPCR and Western blot. |
| Thomas Graham | 2024 | Prospect of Human Vaccines for Lyme disease | Lyme disease is a common tick-borne disease caused by bacterial infection, specifically of the species Borrelia burgdorferi. Lyme disease is characterized by symptoms such as a rash around the infected area, myalgia, fatigue, and in some cases neuropsychiatric disorders. Antibiotic treatment is currently the widespread treatment for Lyme disease, however symptoms have been known to persist post therapy. In this project, I examine the prospects for a human vaccine, and compare the Pfizer and Valneva vaccines currently in trial. Similar to the canine vaccine currently in the market, the human vaccine targets the outer surface protein A in Borrelia. |
| Nina Greeley | 2024 | Investigating Antimicrobial Activity of Caffeoyl-based Phenylpropanoid Glycosides | Antibiotic resistance is a significant global public health concern and new antibiotics are desperately needed. Secondary metabolites, including phenylpropanoid glycosides (PPGs), often display some antibiotic activities. Caffeic acid, a phenylpropanoid (PP), has been heavily researched for its promising antibacterial activity. Thus, it was hypothesized that caffeoyl-based PPGs would display enhanced antibacterial activity. Here we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of novel caffeoyl-based PPGs. We determined the molecules’ antimicrobial activity against a common gram-positive, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and gram-negative, Escherichia coli, microbe. Our data indicate that tri-substituted caffeoyl-based PPGs have antimicrobial activity towards S. epidermidis. |
| Caitlin Haggerty | 2024 | Race, Legal Status, and the Moral Permissibility of Marijuana Use | The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between the legal status and moral permissibility of drug use, as well as how the race of drug users might moderate this relationship. Research participants were white individuals who read a vignette about a Black or white man who uses marijuana in a state where doing so is either legal or illegal. Results revealed a significant main effect of legal status on moral permissibility ratings. Study 2 explored if a perceived violation of one of Graham et al.’s five moral foundations mediated legality’s effect on moral permissibility. |
| Abigail Harkness | 2024 | The Effects of Post-Identification Feedback on Witness and Photospread Administrator Behavior | Experiment 1 investigated if the post-identification feedback corresponded with observable behavioral changes in eyewitness behavior. Witnesses given confirming feedback were rated as more competent and accurate than control condition witnesses. Feedback did not affect how long witnesses talked. Experiment 2 investigated whether feedback affects administrators by having them interact with a witness who received confirming feedback on an identification decision. Then, participant-administrators constructed a photospread for the witness’s second identification. The dependent variable was how difficult the photospread was, as measured by the similarity between the filler photos and the suspect. |
| Dargan Harris | 2024 | Pyrazinones and Their Role in Biofilm Production | Staphylococcus epidermidis is ubiquitously present on the human skin. While usually a commensal, S. epidermidis can establish chronic, difficult-to-treat infections through its formation of biofilms. Staphylococcus aureus, a similar bacteria that colonizes the skin microbiome of 15% of the human population, is purely pathogenic but also utilizes biofilms to establish infections. Pyrazinones produced by the pzn gene cluster are essential for S. aureus biofilm formation and are puzzlingly synthesized and responded to by the commensal S. epidermidis. By determining how pyrazinones regulate biofilm formation, it may be possible to turn them into inhibitors to disrupt biofilm formation. |
| Tamaki Hashiramoto | 2024 | Internalized Model Minority Myth and Psychological Distress Among Asian Americans | The purpose of this study is to identify the mechanisms of harm associated with the internalized model minority myths and internalized racism that manifest as psychological distress. The study also addresses ways to heal the psychological damage and distress caused by the dual myths that Asian Americans are “superhuman” or model minorities and “subhuman” or targets of violence. Participants of this study are self-identified Asian Americans, Asian immigrants, and international non-immigrants of Asian descent. The study explores how American meritocracy myth stress and self-forbearance mediate the association between the internalized model minority myth and mental health distress. |
| Jamie Hollander | 2024 | Carbon Dynamics Upstream and Downstream of a Tidal Restriction at Drakes Island Salt Marsh, Maine | Salt marshes are known for their carbon sequestration potential. Tidal restrictions can cause marsh degradation and carbon emissions. This thesis assesses the carbon dynamics upstream and downstream of a restriction in Drakes Island Marsh. Sediment cores were collected to measure long-term carbon dynamics, while greenhouse gas fluxes and sediment traps were used to evaluate short-term dynamics. Carbon stocks were comparable, but upstream methane emissions were elevated. The data suggest that while long-term carbon dynamics are similar upstream and downstream, the restriction influences upstream carbon dynamics via changes in salinity and vegetation. These findings could be used to inform restoration efforts. |
| Jerry Xinyu Jiang | 2024 | Navigating Parental Financial Support and Emotional Adjustment in Liberal Arts Education | College students are prone to depression and anxiety, yet parents can ease the stress students experience by providing emotional stability and financial support. This study investigates the relationship between parental financial support and emotional adjustment in college. Lindell et al. (2011) examined similar questions at a large-sized university, but results may differ at a small New England liberal arts institution where student support services are relatively accessible. The results of the present study may provide insights into the ways that college size, student background, and access to mental resources affect the relationship between parental financial support and students’ emotional well-being. |
| Charlotte Jones | 2024 | Cannabis Use Beliefs and Interventions among Youth and Young Adults in Maine | In recent years, marijuana has become more accessible and use has increased significantly. Additionally, the THC content in cannabis has risen dramatically. Research indicates that higher potency weed has negative physical and mental health outcomes such as increased anxiety, depression, suicidality, and psychosis. Youth and young adults are especially susceptible to substance use and are more likely to become long-term users. The purpose of this study was to assess attitudes and beliefs about cannabis use and create a means to inform youth and young adults within Maine about the potential effects of cannabis. |
| Miryam Keller | 2025 | Coarse Grained Sediments in African Deep Marine Basins along the K-Pg Boundary | The K-Pg boundary, which temporally aligns with the Chicxulub asteroid impact, marks a significant change in Earth’s climatic history, however the cause of the change and its correlation with the impact is still debated in geologic literature. This paper investigates the deep marine coarse grained sedimentary record before and after the K-Pg Boundary to contribute to this debate. By compiling data from all previous studies and oil drilling data in African deep marine basins, this paper uses a consistent analytical approach to provide a comprehensive understanding of these changes. |
| Morgan Kennedy | 2024 | Navigating Sports Rehabilitation: Exploring the Impact of Class Years on Psychological Challenges and Social Support in Collegiate Athletes Recovering from Sports Injuries | This study explored the impact of collegiate athletes’ injury experiences on psychological well-being, focusing on differences between those with varying levels of collegiate experience. Survey data on anxiety, depression, confidence, fear, and social support were collected from injured athletes. It was predicted that athletes with less collegiate experience would experience greater psychological challenges, attributed to a lack of social support and connection with program staff. Data from this study may help to uncover the ways in which social support and connections between athletes and the staff can improve confidence, fear, depression, and anxiety in the rehabilitation process. |
| Vic Kering | 2024 | Synthesis of Linderofructicoside | Linderofructicoside is a natural product from an Asian plant, Linderofructicosa, which has been used in traditional medicine, although its biological activities have not been studied. The goal of this project is to develop a chemical synthesis of linderofruticoside, and potentially examine its biological activities, such as anti-viral or anti-bacterial |
| Livi Kozick | 2024 | Growth Responses of Inland vs. Coastal Populations of Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubra) to Climate Change and Implications for Forest Ecology in the Northeastern United States | Climate change is affecting forest ecosystems, with the Northeastern United States experiencing warmer, wetter conditions, and altered disturbance regimes. This challenges the resilience of tree species like the northern red oak (Quercus rubra). The study uses dendrochronology to compare the growth response of inland and coastal northern red oak (Quercus rubra) populations to climate variables. Compared to coastal populations, inland populations show stronger responses to climate variables, with significant correlations between growth and precipitation, mean temperature, and maximum temperature. This implies that range dynamics of this species will alter forest ecology to different degrees based on proximity to the refugial coast. |
| Eli Kushner | 2024 | Growth Conditions of Staphylococcus epidermidis Influence the Transcription of Biofilm-related Genes | Staphylococcus epidermidis infections are one of the most common hospital-acquired infections. This bacteria has proven difficult to treat partly due to its ability to form biofilms. Biofilms are three-dimensional structures formed by bacterial species that act as a physical barrier from stressors and facilitate nutrient sharing and information among the bacteria. We examined how transcription of the ica locus, which is critical for biofilm formation, changes as the growth conditions change. This was observed in a wild-type and mutant strain of S. epidermidis which displayed different growth and biofilm-forming characteristics. |
| Jaclyn Laplante | 2024 | Prader-Willi Syndrome: An Overall Review | Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare, life-threatening genetic disorder that manifests with insatiable hunger, developmental delays, and serious emotional and behavioral challenges. Common characteristics of PWS include hyperphagia, hypotonia, hypogonadism, distinctive facial features, and early onset obesity. There is no cure for PWS; however, treatments including growth hormone therapy, medications, parent education, a restricted diet, environmental controls, behavioral interventions, and psychiatric therapy help to reduce the challenges that individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome experience. My poster provides an overall review of PWS. As knowledge surrounding PWS is limited, I hope this poster can help spread awareness of this complex syndrome. |
| Josie Levey | 2024 | Evolution of Ribozymes to Perform the Conversion of Alpha-ketoglutarate to Succinyl-CoA | RNA world theory is a major theory about how life began, due to RNA’s ability to catalyze reactions and store information. Since RNA catalysis is an important component of the origin of life, evolving RNA capable of metabolic reactions is critical. In this experiment, we plan to use systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) to evolve short RNA sequences to perform the conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl-coA. This is the key reaction of the thiamine-dependent E1o subunit of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex or PDC complex. The E1o subunit catalyzes a rate-limiting step of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), a key metabolic process that would be required for early life. Specifically, E1o removes a carboxyl group from pyruvate and forms hydroxyethyl-thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). We anticipate being able to replicate this reaction with evolved RNA libraries. Furthermore, we plan to compare the chemical interactions computationally between the existing E1o proteins and alpha ketoglutarate, as well as an analysis of previously evolved decarboxylase ribozymes. We hope to analyze the differences in catalytic activities of the E1o subunit and a synthesized RNA catalyst. |
| Claudia Mabley | 2024 | The Study of Rabi Oscillations Using Bose-Einstein Condensate | Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter that forms when bosons are cooled to ultra-cold temperatures, forming a cloud of indistinguishable atoms in their lowest energy state. This results in a macroscopic number of atoms behaving quantum mechanically which can be used to study quantum phenomena. Rabi oscillations occur when an oscillating magnetic field is applied to a BEC to drive atoms between their energy states. The probabilities of two and three-level systems were modeled while varying the pulse time and the resonance condition of the magnetic field. The theoretical models were then compared with data collected in the lab. |
| Wil Masterson | 2024 | Nature Exposure and Well-Being with AI-Generated Imagery | This study explores AI-generated images of nature’s impact on psychological well-being and nature connectedness in 77 Bates College undergraduates. I compared well-being after viewing AI-created natural vs. non-natural scenes. This study aligns with existing research on the psychological benefits of nature exposure, yet uniquely investigates the efficacy of AI-generated natural imagery in enhancing well-being. Surprisingly, I found no significant well-being difference between the two image types, nor did nature connectedness influence this outcome. My results indicate that AI-generated images might not provide the psychological benefits real nature does, underscoring the value of genuine nature encounters for well-being. |
| Simon McCormick | 2024 | Goal-directed and Habitual Control Amongst Sports Bettors | In the evolving landscape of sports entertainment, the legalization of sports gambling in 2018 has impacted the dynamics of professional and collegiate sports, with sportsbooks becoming prevalent in the realm of live sports coverage (Bumbaca, 2023). This study seeks to examine whether gambling severity, like other forms of addiction, is related to decreased levels of goal-directed behavior rather than habitual behaviors. Participants were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk with a paid incentive. The results aim to deepen our understanding of gambling behaviors and the relationship between addiction and cognitive control. |
| Rosie McKerley | 2025 | Lung Imaging for the Diagnosis of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia | Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a condition that affects approximately 10,000 newborns in the United States each year. The current study tests a novel diagnostic method for this condition that allows for improved subcellular resolution and sensitivity. The technique employs Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy for the detection of cellular metabolism related to BPD. Intensities of NADH and FAD were measured and used to calculate optical redox ratios, which revealed significant differences in cellular metabolism between healthy and diseased tissue. Future work might explore SRS in combination with other imaging techniques to gain a better understanding of specific metabolite interactions. |
| Margie McLeod | 2024 | Key Bond Formations in the Synthesis of Linderofruticoside A | Natural products oftentimes exhibit medicinal properties and are essential for developing pharmaceuticals. Linderofruticoside A is a natural product consisting of a 13-membered lactone, disaccharide, and phenolic glycoside; isolated from Lindera fruticosa, a plant used in traditional medicine, it’s hypothesized to possess medicinal properties. The molecule’s unique structure is not observed in other known natural products, and has yet to be chemically synthesized. To study the biological activity of Linderofruticoside A, a total synthesis must be developed; a method of forming the second of the three key bonds is presented, along with an attempt of forming the third and final bond. |
| Lucy Medd | 2024 | The Effect of Wing Length on Collision-Induced Wing Wear in Bombus Impatiens Bumblebees | Over the course of their lifetime, the common eastern bumblebee (B. impatiens) experiences wing damage resulting from repeated collisions with vegetation and a variety of other obstacles in their environment. Wing area loss, or wing wear, has been found to change foraging behavior, decrease maneuverability, and increase mortality in many insects. Although we have made progress towards understanding the causes and consequences of insect wing wear, we still lack an in-depth understanding of the role of body size. In this study, we used a custom “Wingwhacker” device to explore the effect of wing size on collision-induced wing wear in Bombus impatiens bumblebees. Our results inform our understanding of insect evolution and functional morphology, and also have important implications for the design and application of micro air vehicles. |
| Ron Mezile | 2025 | Low Cost Video Tracking System for Recording Caenorhabditis Elegans Behavior | We have made a video tracking system to record the behavior of groups of small nematode roundworms Caenorhabditis elegans. Our design goals are to increase measurement throughput and to standardize measurements. Our particular focus is to measure locomotor rates affected by neuroactive drugs. The system uses inexpensive off the shelf components such as a Raspberry Pi computer and 3D-printed parts. Low build cost supports the building of several systems that can be run in parallel. Custom tracking software allows locomotor speed of individuals to be tracked over time. Preliminary results using this system will be presented. |
| Levi Mindlin | 2024 | The Impact of Multitasking on Cerebellar Reach Adaptation | The cerebellum coordinates movement by incorporating information about the world to guide future output. Multitasking involves many simultaneous signals to the cerebellum, though it’s unclear which contribute to learning. This study assessed the impact of motor multitasking on cerebellar learning. Participants reached through targets on a screen while observing false visual feedback about their movements. This false feedback induces learning where participants adjust their movements to counter displayed errors. Some participants were asked to pedal on an under-desk elliptical during the task. We found that pedaling during the task decreased learning, suggesting that cerebellar reach adaptation is affected by multitasking. |
| Connor Montgomery | 2024 | Using Infrared Thermography to Study Bacterial Behavior | S. epidermidis is an understudied commensal bacteria that resides on the skin with the potential to cause opportunistic infections when in the bloodstream. S. epidermidis strains which are almost genotypically identical differ greatly in their phenotypes. This is especially problematic when it comes to treating infections with antibiotics as different isolates vary widely in their antibiotic susceptibility. The overuse of antibiotics has caused multiple species of Staphylococcus and strains of S. epidermidis to develop antibiotic resistance. Testing a variety of antibiotics on particular strains can be a tedious process, so I investigated a novel approach to analyzing antibiotic resistance using infrared thermography. |
| Ben Morse | 2024 | Expression Analysis of CRISPR-mediated Ablation of IRBIT in HEK293 Cells | IRBIT, a competitive antagonist of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-mediated calcium release, inhibits calcium signaling by competing with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) for its binding site on IP3Rs. Because of this protein’s high expression in the brain, it is hypothesized that it may play a role in neurological conditions known to exhibit increased calcium concentrations, such as Alzheimer’s disease. To investigate the impact of the expression of IRBIT on genes known to be involved in the phosphoinositide-mediated calcium release pathway, IRBIT was ablated in HEK293 cells, and the outcomes were analyzed by qPCR and Western blot. |
| Teddie Nelson | 2024 | Synthesis and Growth of Metal Nanoparticles | I studied the synthesis and growth of silver and gold nanoparticles. My goals were to generate a procedure for obtaining homogeneously sized and dispersed nanoparticles for imaging with Scanning Electron Microscopy and study their growth through changes in optical properties with UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Methods for repeatedly producing well dispersed and evenly-sized particles are unclear in the literature. The optical properties of metal nanoparticles are well studied and the goal of this project has been for me to learn. The applications of metal nanoparticles in technology range many disciplines, including drug delivery, antibacterial agents, cell labeling, renewable energy technology like solar thermal photovoltaics, and catalysis. I want to pursue a career as a researcher with a speciality in nanomaterials, so this project has introduced me to the field and the process. My findings suggest that in sacrificing the optical properties of the material one can achieve homogeneous size and dispersion in solution, silver nanoparticles can be synthesized purely by photochemical excitation, and silver and gold nanoalloys can be synthesized. This work is significant because it provides insight into the growth of metal nanoparticles. |
| Maeve Parmelee | 2024 | The Success and Culmination of the Conservative Legal Movement as Represented by President Trump’s Supreme Court Appointees | This project explores if the appointment of 3 Supreme Court Justices by Trump, thereby creating a 6-member conservative majority on the Court, represents the success and culmination of the conservative legal movement. It argues that we are currently at the height of the conservative legal movement’s success as it has limited congressional authority and empowered the states, cemented their social issue agenda, and disempowered the executive branch bureaucracy and re-empowered the justices. While the first objective was significantly achieved by the late 1990s, there has been continued success in this area in the 2000s and 2010s well before the Trump appointments were made. This will be explained through the rejection of Harriet Miers’ Supreme Court nomination, The Court’s decision in Citizens United v. FEC, and the Idiosyncratic Trump Presidency. |
| Maria Francisca Pereira Pinto Costeira da Rocha | 2024 | Characterizing Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilm Morphology Using SEM | Infections caused by bacterial biofilms are often recurrent and resistant to antibiotic treatments, due to the particular characteristics of biofilms that protect the resident microorganisms from the effects of host immunity or some antimicrobial drugs. It is thus very important to understand the intimate details of the biofilms’ ultrastructure, their 3-D organization and cell population behaviour. In this thesis, we imaged Staphylococcus epidermidis’ biofilm growth over time using SEM. We used a mutant isolate of LM018 S. epidermidis that can grow in 5% tea tree oil (v/v) and the wild-type parent that can only grow in 1%. |
| Sophie Rasol | 2026 | Exploring Marijuana User Profiles: Motivations and Attitudes | We examined the diverse user profiles within marijuana consumption of Bates college students. Utilizing existing data from several recent semesters, we recognized patterns and trends regarding the motivations and attitudes driving marijuana use among high, medium, and light users. In contrast to alcohol, there is a lack of standardized dosing for cannabis, which emphasizes the nuances of marijuana consumption. This data will contribute to a better understanding of marijuana usage among college students, addressing some of the unknowns of this substance such as what relationships there are between heavy users and certain motivations vs. light users. |
| Sydney Rastkhane | 2024 | Expression Analysis of CRISPR-mediated Ablation of IRBIT in HEK293 Cells | IRBIT, a competitive antagonist of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-mediated calcium release, inhibits calcium signaling by competing with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) for its binding site on IP3Rs. Because of this protein’s high expression in the brain, it is hypothesized that it may play a role in neurological conditions known to exhibit increased calcium concentrations, such as Alzheimer’s disease. To investigate the impact of the expression of IRBIT on genes known to be involved in the phosphoinositide-mediated calcium release pathway, IRBIT was ablated in HEK293 cells, and the outcomes were analyzed by qPCR and Western blot. |
| Diana Rodriguez | 2024 | Does Prolonged Exposure to Extreme Food Scarcity, as Illustrated by Historical Events such as the Chinese Famine, Ukrainian Famine, and Dutch Famine, During Pregnancy, Correlate with Altered Metabolism such as Methylation Levels of the IGF2 Gene, and Contribute to Long-term Health Outcomes in Offspring? | In the past century, various countries including China, Ukraine, and the Netherlands have encountered extensive food shortages. These shortages have resulted in widespread malnutrition and starvation in the populations. Because of this, diets shifted to consist of lower energy and nutrient-dense foods. We hypothesize that limited nutritional access during pregnancy leads to long-term impacts on the offspring of individuals exposed to famine. We examine data concerning insulin growth factor levels, type 2 diabetes rates, obesity, and methylation levels of the IGF2 gene to determine if exposure to famine in utero has lifelong impacts on metabolism. |
| Daniel Rodriguez | 2024 | Understanding Translation of Borrelia burgdorferi Through the Localization of Gene OspA | Lyme disease is a vector borne disease transmitted by Black-legged ticks common in the Northeastern and Midwestern regions of the United States. Black-legged ticks transmit Lyme disease through their bite when infected with Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium responsible for Lyme disease. To combat this prevailing issue several researchers and studies have begun to direct their attention towards Borrelia burgdorferi. To contribute to the understanding of how Lyme disease is spread our lab studies Borrelia burgdorferi. In our lab we first culture and monitor Borrelia burgdorferi growth for future experiments. We then take these cells and prepare them for fluorescent imaging through a pre-hybridization and hybridization stage. We then insert our genetic probe, OspA, into the cell which binds to the RNA and enables us to study the localization of RNA within the Borrelia burgdorferi cells. Fluorescent analysis is done through confocal imaging and results are captured and analyzed in the results section. Results show a variety of cells with and without genetic probe binding, but all provide insight into the localization of RNA in the cell. With this insight and better understanding of Borrelia burgdorferi we can support modern approaches in technology revolving around Lyme’s disease prevention. Vaccination development and trials have already begun utilizing our specific gene OspA as its outer surface properties enable immune response in the cell. |
| Lauren Salazar | 2024 | Morphological Changes in the Bacteria that Causes Lyme Disease | Many factors including osmolarity, temperature, and nutrient state affect the morphology and gene expression in many species of bacteria. This study examines the morphology of the bacteria that causes Lyme Disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, using advanced microscopy. |
| Jackie Samuels | 2024 | Once Upon A Time: Using Fairy Tales to Teach Phonemic Awareness During Speech Therapy | Early reading experiences are essential for children’s development of literacy skills. However, not all children have the same opportunities for this enrichment before entering kindergarten. Children who do not learn basic literacy skills such as phonological awareness are at risk for developing reading difficulties or speech and language difficulties. Speech therapists often target phonological awareness and phonemic awareness skills through book reading. The present research investigated if fairy tales, due to their fantastical themes, engaging content, and narrative structure, would be an effective tool in speech therapy. Baseline and post-intervention phonemic awareness was measured through phoneme isolation and manipulation tasks. |
| Jeremy Schrieber | 2024 | Prebiotic Non-Enzymatic RNA Extension Using A Citric Acid Linked Proflavine | In the RNA origin of life model, it is unknown how RNA can self replicate to a length that is capable of information transfer. To study this, an imidazolium bridged RNA dimer was created and characterized through TLC and NMR and will be tested with polyacrylamide gels to test for extension. We will synthesize an organic intercalator-chelator complex: citric acid linked to proflavine, which could improve local concentration of magnesium and aid in catalysis of nonenzymatic primer extension. Further experimentation was done to investigate the intercalator and whether differences in structure can offer benefits to elongation or other prebiotic functionality. |
| Pia Schultz | 2024 | ‘Natural,’ ‘Normal,’ and ‘Healthy’ Sexuality; History, Legacy, and Influence in Father-Child Sexual Communication | Education about sexuality and sexual activity is widely understood to be beneficial to the wellbeing of adolescents. Sex Education is linked to decreasing the likelihood of adverse physical and emotional consequences of sexual activity. There is a significant discrepancy between desired or purported level of sexual communication and education (SCE) and actual reported levels, especially in Father-Child relationships. Each Father-Child pair experiences a unique combination of barriers that inform the level of SCE experienced. These can most neatly be divided into parent-emitted (sexuality as taboo, childhood innocence ideal) and child-emitted (renegotiation of power through individuated sexuality) barriers. Interviews were conducted with five fathers and analyzed with an Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis, and themes of surveillance, individuation, childhood innocence, and sexual desire as a symbol of readiness. |
| Oli Seline | 2024 | Gene Regulation in Borrelia burgdorferi: A Structural Analysis of the RpoS/BosR Series | Lyme disease is a tick-borne infectious disease with key, clinical stages caused by the spirochete bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi. BosR has been shown as a requirement for RpoS-dependent transcription of protein, as well as downstream RpoS-dependent host adaptations. This study examines the role of the RpoS/BosR pathway in the complex gene regulation of B. burgdorferi, and the structural makeup of this promoter region. Although previous work has raised ideas of transcriptional control, translational control, and RNA degradational control of this region, the aim is to further elucidate how this region is controlled within the bacteria. |
| Mary Shine | 2024 | Investigation into the Crystal Structure of Pyrochlores and Perovskites | Piezoelectrics are materials that can interconvert mechanical and electrical energy. In the search for less toxic materials for applications in technology, we investigate the atomic arrangement in the crystals of piezoelectrics, including the pyrochlore(A2B2O7) and perovskite(ABX3) structures. By studying off-centering, vacancies, and the interplay between magnetic and electric dipoles, we hope to gain a better understanding of what makes a good piezoelectric material. |
| Enisa Shoshi | 2024 | Deciphering Genetic Switch Mechanisms of OspA in Borrelia burgdorferi: Toward New Therapeutic Strategies for Lyme Disease | The most common vector-borne infection in the US, Lyme disease, is difficult to diagnose because of inaccurate testing techniques, which makes managing and comprehending the illness more difficult. The spirochete bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi is the subject of this thesis, with a focus on comprehending the genetic control processes involved in the disease’s transmission from ticks to mammals. The main goal is to clarify the function and role of genetic switches, in particular outer surface protein A (OspA), which are essential to the life cycle of the bacterium and its capacity to infect mammals. This study looks at these genetic switches in an effort to identify possible targets for blocking or changing these systems, opening the door to new treatment strategies. Post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS) is a major public health hazard that affects around 20% of treated persons and is the subject of special attention. This research adds to the larger efforts of creating more potent interventions for Lyme disease and its persistent variants by thoroughly examining the disease’s transmission ecology, clinical symptoms, and current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The results of this thesis provide fresh insights into the genetic regulation of Borrelia burgdorferi and could pave the way for the development of novel treatments aimed at mitigating the long-term consequences of this intricate and sometimes misdiagnosed illness. |
| Quinn Simmons | 2024 | The Rise of a New Endosymbiont: How E. muelleri is Responding to Climate Change | Past investigations into the endosymbionts of the host, Ephydatia muelleri, indicate Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa and Lewiniosphaera symbontica are the sole species able to establish endosymbiotic relationships with the host. New evidence disproves this as Desmodesmus sp. endosymbionts were located within newly acquired E. muelleri tissue samples. Discovery of Desmodesmus sp. endosymbiosis in the same location as previous samples suggest bleaching events caused the expulsion of the initial endosymbiont. Due to the high plasticity of the genus and resilience to rapid fluxes in environmental conditions Desmodesmus sp. may provide E. muelleri with a more stable endosymbiotic relationship, lowering the occurrence of bleaching. |
| Hope Stamp | 2024 | Observing and Controlling the Inner Sphere Effects of Cerium | The ability to control or predict inner-sphere characteristics, such as oxidation state and speciation, with outer sphere-effects, such as polarization, are not well understood. This research studies Cerium’s oxidation states to determine how to stabilize its +4 oxidation state through controlling the outer sphere effects. Throughout this process, we used UV-Visible spectroscopy to monitor the changes of oxidation state as a result of changes in nitrate salt and concentration, which have shown higher stabilization of Ce+4 at higher salt concentrations. Through experimentation, we hope to offer insights into reactivity and stability due to increased stabilization of Ce+4. |
| Phoebe Stern | 2024 | Eco-Kashrut: A New Look at Jewish Eating | Food-related practices embodying foundational Jewish values/commandments (mitzvot) such as tzar’ar ba’alei chai’im (respect for animals), bal tashchit (not ruining the earth), sh’mirat haguf (protection of one’s own body), shmitah and yovel (the rhythms of allowing the earth to rest), kavod habriot (respect for all living beings), and tikkun olam (repairing the world) are becoming widespread among environmentally concerned Jews, both on the individual and community level. The umbrella term “eco-kashrut,” coined in 1979 by Rabbi Zalman Schachter-Shalomi – an Orthodox Rabbi and founder of the Jewish Renewal movement – is one way of referring to this collection of deeply Jewish theories and practices as applied to food production and eating. This thesis draws on a variety of data – including scholarly and popular articles, organizational websites, and one-on-one interviews with practitioners and experts – in order to demonstrate that “eco-kashrut” is a sacred food practice that grows organically out of Jewish tradition and is fueled by deep commitments to living a Jewish life that honors our world. |
| Logan Strauss | 2024 | Bisphenol F Toxicity in Freshwater Sponges (Ephydatia muelleri) | This study investigates the impact of the endocrine-disrupting chemical Bisphenol F (BPF), an analogue of Bisphenol A (BPA), on the freshwater sponge Ephydatia muelleri. Adult sponges exposed to varying BPF concentrations exhibited distinct morphological changes, including size reduction and stem cell alterations. Gemmules grown in BPF showed delayed hatching and growth inhibition, with higher concentrations hindering adult development. Gene expression analysis revealed subtle increases in prostaglandin reductase 1 and glutathione S-transferase omega-1 under BPF exposure. The findings underscore concentration-dependent responses, morphological changes, and molecular shifts, emphasizing the need for informed regulatory measures and further exploration of environmental and health implications of BPF and similar analogues. |
| Elaine Sun | 2025 | Investigate the properties of Bi2Sn2-xTixO7 | Due to the toxic properties of Lead which can be found in the majority of the electronics, we tried to investigate the properties of pyrochlore with the composition of Bi2Sn2-xTixO7. Using solid state methods to synthesize samples and XRD to analyze the ability of samples to form the off-centering electric dipole. |
| Anntonia Taylor | 2024 | Studying the Kinematics of Molecular and Ionized Gas in Compact Starburst Galaxies with the James Webb Space Telescope | An open question in astrophysics is how galactic outflows driven by massive stars and accreting black holes regulate star formation in galaxies. We are studying a sample of compact starburst galaxies that are known to be driving powerful outflows, and we use mid-infrared spectroscopy from the James Webb Space Telescope to measure the properties of molecular and ionized gas. We find broad, blueshifted kinematic components in the emission lines tracing ionized gas, but we do not see this signature in the molecular gas. We discuss the implications of these results for models of galactic winds and galaxy formation. |
| Colin Thoman | 2024 | Evolution of Ribozymes to Perform the Conversion of Alpha-ketoglutarate to Succinyl-CoA | RNA world theory is a major theory about how life began, due to RNA’s ability to catalyze reactions and store information. Since RNA catalysis is an important component of the origin of life, evolving RNA capable of metabolic reactions is critical. In this experiment, we plan to use systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) to evolve short RNA sequences to perform the conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl-coA. This is the key reaction of the thiamine-dependent E1o subunit of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex or PDC complex. The E1o subunit catalyzes a rate-limiting step of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), a key metabolic process that would be required for early life. Specifically, E1o removes a carboxyl group from pyruvate and forms hydroxyethyl-thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). We anticipate being able to replicate this reaction with evolved RNA libraries. Furthermore, we plan to compare the chemical interactions computationally between the existing E1o proteins and alpha ketoglutarate, as well as an analysis of previously evolved decarboxylase ribozymes. We hope to analyze the differences in catalytic activities of the E1o subunit and a synthesized RNA catalyst. |
| Joaquin Torres | 2025 | Physiologically-relevant Computational Model of Rotavirus Non-structural Protein 4 (NSP4) | Non-structural protein 4 (NSP4) is found to interact with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is involved in RV infection, causing alterations in Ca2+ ion concentration that lead to disease. Thus, NSP4 is vital in RV replication, morphogenesis, and pathogenesis. It is recognized that the ER plays a key role in rotavirus replication and disease by being the target of NSP4’s activity. The graphical abstract shows the natural buffer conditions of the cytoplasm and ER of an enterocyte cell in the small intestine during rotavirus infection. It is shown that NSP4 alters the endoplasmic reticulum’s Ca2+ ion concentration by releasing it from the ER lumen. This alteration in the electron gradient between the ER and cytoplasm is a major contributor to rotavirus disease. By assessing the natural conditions of cytoplasm and ER of an enterocyte during the naturally-occuring infection, it is possible to understand the activity of NSP4 and to design drugs to target RV. However, due to the limitations of in vitro methods to study NSP4 structure (including cost and time), computational analysis of the protein is a viable alternative to simulate NSP4 to a high degree of accuracy. This project seeks to assess the behavior of NSP4 folding and dynamics in various conditions. Using the molecular dynamics simulation software GROMACS, the NSP4 monomer was studied in an aqueous solution with either CaCl2 or KCl. Simulations showed that the protein folds somewhat differently depending on the ions present, but it is dynamic in both aqueous environments. Ongoing studies are assessing NSP4 behavior when embedded into a DPhPC membrane, replicating viral infection, as well as when potential ion channel blocker drugs are introduced. |
| Amelia Wallis | 2024 | Tributary Influence on Water Quality of Lake Auburn | Primarily focusing on the differences between two major streams feeding into Lake Auburn located in Auburn, Maine, this study identifies the influence that extreme weather events have on the respective inputs. Given that one stream is ground-water fed, it is less susceptible to external loading of suspended solids, causing the two systems to respond differently under varying weather events and contribute different loads into the system. Such stream-specific characteristics may serve to explain the spatial differences observed between sampled in-lake sites positioned adjacent to these inputs. |
| Emily Walsh | 2024 | Feelings Matter: A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Effects of Pregnancy Planning and Emotional Reaction to Pregnancy on Postpartum Depression Symptoms | According to the World Health Organization (WHO), postpartum depression is a leading cause of disability in women worldwide, and psychosocial/psychological interventions should be offered not only to women with clinically significant symptoms, but also to women with risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD). Identifying specific risk factors for the development of PPD is critical. The present study uses data from the Maine CDC to provide a comprehensive understanding of the links between unplanned pregnancy, initial emotional reaction to pregnancy, and PPD symptoms by examining pregnancy planning status and initial emotional reaction to pregnancy as predictors of postpartum depressive symptoms. |
| Mingzheng Wang | 2024 | Growth Responses of Inland vs. Coastal Populations of Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubra) to Climate Change and Implications for Forest Ecology in the Northeastern United States | Climate change is affecting forest ecosystems, with the Northeastern United States experiencing warmer, wetter conditions and altered disturbance regimes. This challenges the resilience of tree species like the northern red oak (Quercus rubra). The study uses dendrochronology to compare the growth response of inland and coastal northern red oak (Quercus rubra) populations to climate variables. Compared to coastal populations, inland populations show stronger responses to climate variables, with significant correlations between growth and precipitation, mean temperature, and maximum temperature. This implies that range dynamics of this species will alter forest ecology to different degrees based on proximity to the refugial coast. |
| Rawson Welch | 2024 | Structure-Based Drug Design (SBDD): Predicting the Efficacy of Novobiocin as a Pan-Flavivirus Antiviral and Inhibitor of the Conserved NS2B/NS3 Protease | In this paper, a well-known, open-source molecular docking software and machine learning program, AutoDock Vina, was used to computationally assess Novobiocin’s binding affinity and inhibition of the conserved NS2B/NS3 protease. Zika, West Nile, Yellow Fever, and the four serotypes of Dengue were analyzed. Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to examine the degree of pan-Flavivirus inhibition by Novobiocin. Therefore, my results can be used as a jumping-off point and as a first step in determining the efficacy of Novobiocin as a pan-Flavivirus therapeutic and prophylactic antiviral. Additionally, this paper serves as a use-case and tutorial of structure-based drug design. |
| Grace Wenger | 2024 | Analysis of RpoS/BosR RNA in Borrelia burgdorferi | In this study, the folding structure of RpoS and BosR RNA segments from Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease spirochete, was analyzed to better understand the role of gene regulation. Although the essential function of RpoS in outer surface protein regulation is universally accepted, the mechanism by which this process works is less certain. Our experiments aim to better understand the role of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of these genes by observing their structures and folding patterns. These results will allow us to build upon current knowledge of the B. burgdorferi infectious cycle. |
| Star Yang | 2024 | Understanding and Supporting Well-Being Among Teaching Faculties in Lewiston | The study investigated teacher burnout and solutions for increasing well-being among teaching faculties in Lewiston public schools. This research was grounded in concepts from both educational studies and psychological research about well-being in the workplace. The purpose of the research was to analyze and suggest possible improvements to current school administration strategies regarding teacher well-being. This was a community-based thesis involving voices from Lewiston partners and the Harward Center. Data was collected through interviews and case studies with the help of both administrators and teaching faculties in Lewiston public schools. |
| Gianluca Yornet de Rosas | 2024 | Building Trans Visibility in Climate Discourse | Trans and gender-diverse individuals bear a disproportionate burden of the impacts of climate change. Despite this, their climate-specific needs and challenges remain inadequately researched and underrepresented in climate change discourse and governance spaces. My Senior Capstone Project draws attention to the unique experiences and vulnerabilities of trans individuals within the broader context of climate-related issues, and advocates for their inclusion and resilience. It emphasizes the importance of including transgender voices in climate justice and governance discussions, highlighting the resilience of transgender individuals in the face of climate challenges, and proposing new models for mapping and addressing trans-specific climate vulnerabilities. |
| Natalie Young | 2024 | Pharmacogenetic Analysis of the Neuromuscular Function of the Caenorhabditis elegans V-ATPase Proton Pump | Partially filled vesicles cause impaired signaling 1, 2, 3, and vesicles are not maximally filled 4, 5, 6. Prior work has suggested a role of the pH gradient generated by the V-ATPase proton pump in vesicle fusion 7,8. We are screening V-ATPase Caenorhabditis elegans mutants for their sensitivity to aldicarb. Mutants resistant to aldicarb typically have a defect in neurotransmitter release, while hypersensitive animals typically have abnormally high rates of neurotransmitter release. This thesis will present the quantitative analysis of V-ATPase mutant aldicarb sensitivity phenotypes in order to define the role of the V-ATPase in neurotransmitter release. |
| Mohammad Zayd | 2027 | Analysis of Overlapping Voice Note Harmonics | Voice notes produced by pairs of feminine and masculine voices, matched in pitch, and note, are analyzed to uncover subtle differences in their acoustic signatures. The distinct acoustic characteristics of feminine and masculine voices through spectrum analysis are able to reveal differences that would not have been detected otherwise. Using oscilloscopes, synthesized function generators, fundamental frequency measurements, and complex waveform analysis, the study aims to identify and understand gender-specific differences in vocal expression and singing. These findings can be used to expand on the interplay between gender and acoustic communication for fields such as linguistics, psychoacoustics, and speech technology. |
| Alden Zhang | 2026 | Exploring Marijuana User Profiles: Motivations and Attitudes | We examined the diverse user profiles within marijuana consumption of Bates college students. Utilizing existing data from several recent semesters, we recognized patterns and trends regarding the motivations and attitudes driving marijuana use among high, medium, and light users. In contrast to alcohol, there is a lack of standardized dosing for cannabis, which emphasizes the nuances of marijuana consumption. This data will contribute to a better understanding of marijuana usage among college students, addressing some of the unknowns of this substance such as what relationships there are between heavy users and certain motivations vs. light users. |
| Ed Zuis | 2024 | Synthesis and Biochemical Evaluation of Caffeoyl-Based Phenylpropanoid Glycosides | COVID-19, or SARS-CoV-2, is a highly contagious respiratory coronavirus that has caused many societal changes and social unrest over the past four years. An essential feature of the virus is how rapidly it mutates, subverting current treatments. As such, new antiviral compounds must be identified to try and keep up with the quick mutation rate. The extracellular initiation of the COVID-19 infection cycle was identified as an antiviral drug target. We aim to examine the potential antiviral effects of caffeoyl-based Phenylpropanoid Glycosides, characterized by caffeic acid groups conjugated to glucose, through both in vitro and in silico studies. |
| Vangjel Xhollo | 2024 | Exploring Sustainable Solutions: A Search for Reduced-Toxicity Materials for Pyrochlore Synthesis | Lead plays an important role in electronic components as an element in piezo- and ferroelectric materials, however, it is toxic to the human body and the environment. This caused the drive to search for compounds that can replace these lead-based materials. Perovskite oxides are crystal structures with the formula ABX3, where A and B are mostly cations and X is an anion. The pyrochlore crystal structure, following the equation, A2B2O6 where A could be a rare earth metal, and B is a transition metal, with oxygen, has not been studied as much as the perovskite structure, and offers an alternative to lead. |